phentermine, Adipex-P, Fastin, Obenix, Oby-Trim

GENERIC NAME: phentermine

BRAND NAMES: Adipex-P, Obenix, Oby-Trim

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Phentermine is a drug that suppresses appetite. Its exact mechanism of action is unknown. It probably decreases appetite by acting on centers in the brain that control appetite. Phentermine is similar to amphetamine. It stimulates the nervous system, elevates blood pressure, and increases heart rate.
PRESCRIPTION: Yes
GENERIC AVAILABLE: Yes
PREPARATIONS: Tablets: 30 and 37.5mg.
STORAGE: Phentermine should be stored in a tight container at room temperature.
PRESCRIBED FOR: Phentermine is combined with diet and exercise for the short-term treatment of obesity in individuals with a body mass index greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 or greater than or equal to 27 kg/m2 with risk factors for heart disease. Phentermine should not be combined with other weight loss agents. The combination of phentermine and fenfluramine (FEN-PHEN) is associated with serious heart problems. Fenfluramine is no longer available in the United States.
DOSING: The recommended dose is 30 mg once daily about 2 hours after breakfast. Evening doses should be avoided because phentermine causes insomnia.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Phentermine is similar to amphetamine and may share some of the interactions associated with amphetamines. Combining phentermine with tricyclic antidepressants [for example, amitriptyline (Elavil, Endep)] or monoamine oxidase inhibitors (for example, tranylcypromine) may result in high blood pressure and other serious reactions because of elevated serotonin levels in the blood.
PREGNANCY: Use of phentermine during pregnancy has not been adequately evaluated.
NURSING MOTHERS: It is not known whether phentermine is excreted in human breast milk.
SIDE EFFECTS: Side effects of phentermine include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dry mouth, constipation, an unpleasant taste, hives, impotence, palpitations, high blood pressure, and fast heart rates (palpitations). Central nervous system side effects include hyperactivity, insomnia, restlessness, tremor, and dizziness. Phentermine, especially when combined with fenfluramine, has been associated with high pressures in the pulmonary arteries (pulmonary hypertension) and defects in heart valves, both serious complications. Physical and psychological dependence may occur with the long-term use of phentermine. A withdrawal reaction, which includes excessive drowsiness, fatigue, tremors and depression may occur after prolonged use.

toremifene - oral, Fareston

GENERIC NAME: TOREMIFENE - ORAL (tor-EM-eh-feen)

BRAND NAME(S): Fareston

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: Toremifene is used in postmenopausal women to treat breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (metastatic breast cancer). It is usually used to treat cancer that needs estrogen, a female hormone, in order to grow (estrogen-receptor positive). Toremifene is a nonsteroidal antiestrogen that blocks the effects of estrogen in the breast tissue, thereby slowing or stopping the growth of cancer.
HOW TO USE: Take this medication by mouth with or without food, usually once daily or as directed by your doctor. Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to therapy.Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time each day.Since this drug can be absorbed through the skin and lungs, women who are pregnant or who may become pregnant should not handle this medication or breathe the dust from the tablets.Inform your doctor immediately if your condition worsens (e.g., you get new breast lumps).
SIDE EFFECTS: Hot flashes, sweating, nausea, vomiting, dry eyes, or dizziness may occur. If any of these side effects persist or worsen, notify your doctor promptly.Remember that your doctor has prescribed this medication because he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor immediately if any of these unlikely but serious side effects occur: bone/joint/muscle pain or swelling, constipation, mental/mood changes (e.g., depression), trouble walking/clumsiness, swelling ankles/feet, unusual tiredness, vision changes (e.g., blurred vision, eye pain).Toremifene may increase your risk of uterine cancer. Tell your doctor immediately if you develop changes in menstrual period, unusual vaginal bleeding/discharge or pain/pressure below your "belly button" (navel).Tell your doctor immediately if any of these rare but very serious side effects occur: easy bleeding/bruising, fast/slow/irregular heartbeat, signs of infection (e.g., fever, chills, persistent sore throat), persistent nausea/vomiting, severe abdominal/stomach pain, dark urine, yellowing eyes/skin.Toremifene has rarely caused very serious (possibly fatal) blood clots in the lungs/legs, brain (stroke), and heart (heart attack). Seek immediate medical attention if you develop pain/swelling in the groin/calf, pain in the chest/jaw/left arm, confusion, fainting, severe sudden headache, slurred speech, sudden vision changes, shortness of breath, or weakness on one side of the body.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345

famciclovir, Famvir

GENERIC NAME: famciclovir

BRAND NAME: Famvir

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Famciclovir is an antiviral drug which is active against the Herpes viruses, including herpes simplex 1 and 2 (cold sores and genital herpes) and varicella-zoster (shingles and chickenpox). It belongs to a class of drugs called nucleoside analogs that mimic one of the building blocks of DNA. It stops the spread of herpes virus in the body by preventing the replication of viral DNA that is necessary for viruses to multiply. Other drugs in the same class include acyclovir (Zovirax) and valacyclovir (Valtrex). Famciclovir is actually a "prodrug," that is, not active directly against viruses. Instead, famciclovir is converted to penciclovir in the body, and it is the penciclovir that is active against the viruses. Famciclovir is active against the same viruses as acyclovir but has a longer duration of action. Therefore, it can be taken fewer times each day. Famciclovir does not cure or stop the spread of herpes infections. Famciclovir relieves pain, burning, itching, tingling, and heals and prevents sores associated with herpes infections. Famciclovir was approved for use by the FDA in June 1994.
PRESCRIPTION: Yes
GENERIC AVAILABLE: Yes
PREPARATIONS: Tablets: 125, 250, 500 mg
STORAGE: Famciclovir should be stored at room temperature, 15-30 C (59-86  F).
PRESCRIBED FOR: Famciclovir is used for the treatment of genital herpes and cold sores in patients with normal immune systems and HIV-infected individuals. It also is used for treating shingles. To be most effective, famciclovir should be started as soon as possible after the diagnosis of a herpes infection.
DOSING: Famciclovir may be taken with or without food. The recommended doses are outlined below:

• Recurrent genital herpes: 1,000 mg twice daily for 1 day.
• Recurrent cold sores: 1,500 mg as a single dose.
• Suppression of recurrent genital herpes: 250 mg twice daily for up to 1 year.
• Shingles: 500 mg every 8 hours for 7 days.
• HIV-infected patients (cold sores or genital herpes): 500 mg twice daily for 5-10 days.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: Probenecid (Benemid) may reduce the kidney's removal of famciclovir leading to higher concentrations of famciclovir in the blood. This may lead to side effects from famciclovir.
PREGNANCY: Famciclovir has not been adequately studied in pregnant women.
NURSING MOTHERS: It is not known if famciclovir is excreted into human breast milk. Women may wish to consider an alternative to breastfeeding if famciclovir is taken while nursing.
SIDE EFFECTS: The most common side effects associated with the use of famciclovir are headache, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, rash, diarrhea and flatulence. Serious but rare side effects include serious skin reactions, and reduced white blood cells (neutropenia) or platelets (thrombocytopenia).

famotidine, Pepcid

GENERIC NAME: famotidine

BRAND NAME: Pepcid

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Histamine is a chemical made by the body that stimulates cells lining the stomach to produce acid. Famotidine belongs to a class of medications called H2-blockers that blocks the action of histamine on stomach cells, thus reducing production of acid by the stomach. Other H2 blockers include cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), and nizatidine (Axid). Famotidine was approved by the FDA in November, 1986.
PRESCRIPTION: Yes.
GENERIC AVAILABLE: Yes.
PREPARATIONS: Tablets: 10, 20, and 40 mg. Suspension: 40 mg per 5 ml teaspoon. Injection: 10 mg/ml and 20 mg/50 ml.
STORAGE: Tablets and suspension should be stored at room temperature, 15 -30°C (59-86°F). Injection should be stored between 2-8°C (36-46°F).
PRESCRIBED FOR: Famotidine blocks the action of histamine on stomach cells, and reduces stomach acid production. Famotidine is useful in promoting the healing of stomach and duodenal ulcers and in reducing ulcer pain. Famotidine has been effective in preventing recurrence of ulcers when given in low doses for prolonged periods of time. Famotidine also is used for treating heartburn and in healing ulceration and inflammation of the esophagus (esophagitis) resulting from acid (gastroesophageal reflux disease or GERD). High doses are used for treating conditions in which there are marked increases in acid secretion such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
DOSING: The recommended adult oral dose for treating duodenal ulcers is 40 mg once daily at bedtime or 20 mg twice daily. Most patients heal their ulcers within 4 weeks. The regimen for maintenance therapy after the ulcers are healed is 20 mg once a day at bedtime.
The recommended adult oral dose for treating gastric ulcer is 40 mg once a day at bedtime, and esophagitis is treated with 20-40 mg twice daily for 6-12 weeks. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is treated with 20 mg every 6 hours.
Heartburn due to GERD is treated with 10-20 mg daily.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: No important drug interactions with famotidine have been identified.
PREGNANCY: Safe use of famotidine in pregnancy has not been established.
NURSING MOTHERS: Famotidine is secreted into breast milk. Due to the potential but unknown harm that famotidine might cause to the infant, nursing mothers should consider discontinuing famotidine.
SIDE EFFECTS: Side effects of famotidine are rare. Minor side effects include constipation, diarrhea, fatigue, headache, insomnia, muscle pain, nausea, and vomiting. Major side effects include agitation, anemia, confusion, depression, easy bruising or bleeding, hallucinations, hair loss, irregular heartbeat, rash, visual changes, and yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)

Breathing deeply while exercising results in a 1-2% increase in edge among most athletes

Stir-Fried Ginger Shrimp

Nutritional Info

• Calories: 192
• Protein: 23.0g
• Carbohydrates: 7.0g
• Fat: 6.0g

Other Dietary Information

• Fiber:0.8g
• Cholesterol:172mg
• Iron:3mg
• Sodium:594mg
• Calcium:82mg

• Preparation Time 5 min
• Cooking Time 6 min
• 4 servings

Course
Dinner
Main Ingredient
Seafood
Cuisine
Asian
Dietary
Low Fat
Occasion
Dinner Party

Spicy and peppery flavor best serve with rice or sliced melons!

Ingredients

• 1 pound medium shrimp, peeled and deveined
• 1 teaspoon chopped peeled fresh ginger
• 1/2 teaspoon salt
• Dash of white pepper
• 1/2 cup water
• 1 tablespoon mirin (sweet rice wine)
• 2 teaspoons low-sodium soy sauce
• 1 1/2 teaspoons cornstarch
• 1 teaspoon sugar
• 1 teaspoon dark sesame oil
• 1/2 teaspoon chile paste with garlic (such as sambal oelek)
• 1 tablespoon canola oil, divided
• 1 cup thinly vertically sliced onion
• 4 garlic cloves, minced
• 1 cup diagonally cut celery

Steps

• 1 Place shrimp in a medium bowl. Sprinkle with ginger, salt, and pepper; toss well. Let stand 5 minutes.
• 2 Combine 1/2 cup water and next 6 ingredients (through chile paste) in a small bowl, stirring with a whisk.
• 3 Heat 1 teaspoon canola oil in a large nonstick skillet over medium-high heat. Add shrimp mixture to pan; stir-fry 2 minutes. Remove shrimp mixture from pan; set aside. Wipe pan dry with a paper towel. Heat remaining 2 teaspoons canola oil in pan over medium-high heat. Add onion and garlic; stir-fry 1 minute. Add celery; stir-fry 1 minute. Return shrimp mixture to pan; stir-fry 1 minute or until shrimp are done.
• 4 Add water mixture to pan. Bring to a boil; cook 1 minute or until thick, stirring constantly with a whisk. Serve immediately.

Thai Barbecued Shrimp

Nutritional Info

• Calories: 73
• Protein: 11.7g
• Carbohydrates: 3.6g
• Fat: 1.0g

Other Dietary Information

• Cholesterol: 86mg
• Dietary Fiber: 0.1g

• Preparation Time 10 min
• Cooking Time 6 min
• 8 servings

Course
Lunch
Snack
Dinner
Appies
Main Ingredient
Seafood
Cuisine
Pacific Rim
Dietary
High Protein
Low Calories
Dairy Free
Occasion
Dinner Party
Super Bowl
Birthday (adult)
New Years

These barbecued shrimp have the perfect amount of kick to them, and are great over rice or noodles, or just on their own!

Ingredients

• 3 tablespoons fresh lemon juice
• 1 tablespoon soy sauce
• 1 tablespoon Dijon mustard
• 2 cloves garlic, minced
• 1 tablespoon brown sugar
• 2 teaspoons curry paste
• 1 pound medium shrimp - peeled and deveined
• 
  

Steps

• 1 In a resealable bag mix together the lemon juice, soy sauce, mustard, garlic, brown sugar and curry paste. Add shrimp place in refrigerator to marinate for 1 hour.
• 2 Preheat grill for high heat. Thread the shrimp onto skewers. In a saucepan, boil the marinade for a few minutes. When the grill is hot, lightly oil the grate.
• 3 Grill shrimp for 3 minutes per side, or until opaque. Baste occasionally with the marinade.

Asian-Glazed Swordfish with baby Bok Choy

Nutritional Info per 800g serving

• Fat: 5.0g

• Preparation Time 5 min
• Cooking Time 15 min
• 4 servings

Course
Lunch
Dinner
Main Ingredient
Fish
Cuisine
Asian
Dietary
Low Fat
Low Calories
High Protein

Asian-Glazed Swordfish with baby Bok Choy

Ingredients

• 4 (800g) Swordfish Fillets
• 1 tablespoon hoisin sauce
• 2 tablespoons light soy sauce
• 1 tablespoon sweet chilli sauce
• 1 clove garlic, crushed
• 1/2 teaspoon sesame oil
• 2 tablespoons rice vinegar
• 1 teaspoon sugar
• 600g baby bok choy, halved length ways
• 1/4 cup loosely packed fresh coriander leaves

Steps

• 1 COAT fish fillets with half the combined sauces, garlic and oil. Add vinegar and sugar to remaining sauce mixture; reserve dressing.
• 2 COOK fish fillets in heated oiled large non-stick frying pan until browned both sides and just cooked through. Remove fish from pan, cover to keep warm.
• 3 ADD bok choy to same pan; cook, covered, until just tender. Serve fish on bok choy, drizzled with reserved dressing; sprinkle with coriander.

High Protein Breakfast Sandwich

A high protein breakfast sandwich made from 2 whole wheat bread slices, 4 strips of turkey bacon, and enough egg whites to substitute for 1 egg cooked over-easy.

Ingredients

• *2 whole wheat bread slices
• *4 strips turkey bacon
• *egg whites
• *cooking oil spray

Steps

• 1 1. Put 2 bread slices in toaster.
• 2 2. Begin cooking turkey bacon on flat skillet. Prepare egg whites over-easy at the same time on another skillet.
• 3 3. Put together in a sandwich and eat. Goes well with orange juice and cranberry juice mixed together, or a fruit on the side such as a nectarine.

Watermelon Agua Fresca

A refreshing drink that you can see by the roadside vendors all over Mexico.Great way to quench your thirst on a hot summer day!

Ingredients

• 8 cups cubed seeded watermelon, divided
• 1 cup water, divided
• 1/3 cup sugar, divided
• 1/4 cup fresh lime juice
• 1 liter club soda or seltzer water, well chilled
• Lime slices for garnish

Steps

• 1 Combine half the watermelon, half the water and half the sugar in a blender; puree. Pour through a coarse strainer into a large container. Repeat with the remaining watermelon, water and sugar. Stir in lime juice. Refrigerate until well chilled, about 4 hours.
• 2 To serve, stir in club soda (or seltzer) and garnish with lime.

acamprosate calcium delayed-release - oral, Campral

GENERIC NAME: ACAMPROSATE CALCIUM DELAYED-RELEASE - ORAL (a-KAM-proe-sate KAL-see-um)

BRAND NAME(S): Campral

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: This medication is used to help alcohol-dependent patients keep from drinking alcohol. It should be used as part of a complete treatment program that includes both counseling and psychological support. Acamprosate is believed to work by restoring the natural balance of chemicals in the brain (neurotransmitters).Before beginning this medication, you should no longer be drinking alcohol. Acamprosate has not been shown to be effective if you are still drinking when you start taking it.

camphorated opium tincture-oral

GENERIC NAME: CAMPHORATED OPIUM TINCTURE - ORAL (KAM-for-ate-ed OH-pee-um TINK-chure)

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: This medication is used to relieve diarrhea.
HOW TO USE: Take this medication as prescribed. Do not increase your dose or take it more often than prescribed. May be habit-forming. Shake liquid preparations well before using. If diarrhea is not relieved in a few days, notify your doctor. Do not take other medication without first discussing it with your doctor. Avoid the use of alcohol or other sedating type medications to avoid excessive drowsiness.
SIDE EFFECTS: Increased, difficult, or painful urination, unusual weakness, drowsiness, dizziness, nervousness or restlessness may occur as your body adjusts to the medication. If these symptoms persist or worsen, contact your doctor. Inform your doctor if you experience: stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, trouble breathing, skin rash, hives, itching. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.
PRECAUTIONS: Tell your doctor if you have: liver problems, lung disease, asthma, enlarged prostate, a history of drug dependence, allergies (especially drug allergies). This drug should be used only if clearly needed during pregnancy. Since this medication is found in breast milk; consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Tell your doctor of any over-the-counter or prescription medication you may take, including: sedatives, tranquilizers, narcotic pain relievers, antidepressants, cimetidine. Do not start or stop any medicine without doctor or pharmacist approval.
OVERDOSE: If overdose is suspected, contact your local poison control center or emergency room immediately. US residents can call the US national poison hotline at 1-800-222-1222. Canadian residents should call their local poison control center directly. Symptoms of overdose may include trouble breathing, severe drowsiness, unconsciousness, severe dizziness, cold or clammy skin, or irregular heartbeat.
NOTES: Do not share this product with others.
MISSED DOSE: Take the missed dose as soon as you remember; do not take if it is almost time for the next dose. Instead, skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing schedule. Do not "double-up" the dose to catch up.
STORAGE: Store at room temperature between 59 and 86 degrees F (between 15 and 30 degrees C) away from moisture, heat and sunlight

alemtuzumab - injection, Campath

GENERIC NAME: ALEMTUZUMAB - INJECTION (AL-em-TOOZ-oo-mab)

BRAND NAME(S): Campath

Warning | Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

WARNING: This medication may cause very serious (rarely fatal) blood disorders (decreased bone marrow function leading to low number of blood cells such as red cells, white cells, and platelets). This effect can cause anemia, decrease your body's ability to fight an infection, or cause your body to bruise or bleed more easily. Tell your doctor immediately if you develop any of the following symptoms: signs of infection (e.g., fever, persistent sore throat), easy bruising/bleeding, unusual tiredness, fast/pounding heartbeat, dark urine.
This medication may also cause very serious (rarely fatal) infusion-related reactions. (See also Side Effects section.)
Your doctor will monitor you closely and increase your dose slowly to reduce the chances of these serious side effects.
USES: Alemtuzumab is used to treat a certain type of leukemia (B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, also known as B-CLL) in patients who have not responded to other cancer chemotherapy drugs (e.g., fludarabine). This medication works by stopping the growth of cancer cells.
HOW TO USE: This medication is given by injection into a vein by a health care professional. Do not shake the vial before use. Follow all instructions for proper dilution with the correct IV fluid. Before using, check this product visually for particles or discoloration. If either is present, do not use the liquid. Do not mix alemtuzumab with other medications in the same solution or give together in the same IV line. If you have any questions about the preparation or use of this medication, consult your pharmacist.Dosage is based on your response to treatment. You will be started on a low dose of the medication, and your dose will be slowly increased. This medication is usually given over 2 hours. The manufacturer recommends that you receive no more than 30 milligrams in a single dose and no more than a total of 90 milligrams in a week.Before you receive this medication, your doctor will direct you to take other medications (e.g., acetaminophen, diphenhydramine) to help prevent side effects. Your doctor should also prescribe other medications (e.g., antibiotics, antiviral medications) to help prevent infection in your body. Use these additional medications exactly as prescribed by your doctor.

calcium carbonate, Caltrate 600, Caltrate 600 Plus D, Caltrate 600 Plus

GENERIC NAME: calcium carbonate

BRAND NAME: Caltrate 600, Caltrate 600 Plus D, Caltrate 600 Plus

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the body. Calcium is an important structural component of bone and teeth and also is necessary for the normal function of all muscles (skeletal, heart, and smooth muscles) and nerves as well as the normal clotting of blood. Prolonged, inadequate intake of calcium causes weak bones (osteoporosis). Products containing calcium carbonate are used to increase the intake of calcium in individuals whose diets are low in calcium. The National Institutes of Health recommend 1000 to 1500 mg of calcium per day as part of a regimen to prevent the loss of bone that is associated with aging. Calcium carbonate products contain 40% calcium (absorbable calcium). Therefore, a 1500 mg tablet of calcium carbonate provides 600 mg of calcium.
PRESCRIPTION: no
GENERIC AVAILABLE: yes
PREPARATIONS: Caltrate 600 tablets (600 mg calcium); Caltrate 600 plus D tablets (600 mg calcium plus 200 IU vitamin D), Caltrate 600 plus tablets (600 mg calcium plus 200 IU vitamin D and other minerals); Caltrate 600 chewable tablets.
STORAGE:Tablets should be stored at room temperature, 2-25°C (36-77°F).
PRESCRIBED FOR: Calcium-containing products are used as part of a regimen for preventing and treating osteoporosis in individuals with low levels of calcium in their diets. Such regimens also may include vitamin D, estrogen replacement therapy, and specific medications for treating osteoporosis, for example, alendronate.
DOSING: The usual recommended dose of Caltrate for adults is one tablet twice a day with meals.
DRUG INTERACTIONS:Calcium products bind to quinolone (e.g., Ciprofloxacin) and tetracycline (e.g., Sumycin) antibiotics in the intestine and can prevent their absorption into the body. To prevent this interaction, doses of quinolone and tetracycline antibiotics should be separated by three or more hours from doses of calcium.
Calcium carbonate-containing products reduce acidity in the stomach, though there may be a rebound phenomenon which causes a greater than normal amount of acid to be produced after the initial acid-reducing effects of the calcium wear off. The reduction of acid decreases the absorption of iron from the intestine. Therefore, doses of calcium and iron should be separated by a several hours.
Calcium products also bind to Kayexalate (a drug used to treat high levels of potassium) in the intestine and, therefore, may interfere with the action of Kayexalate. Doses of Kayexalate and calcium products should be separated by several hours.
PREGNANCY:Use of calcium supplements during pregnancy appears to be safe, but such use should be done under the supervision of a healthcare provider.
NURSING MOTHERS:
Calcium supplements are safe when used by nursing mothers. SIDE EFFECTS: Calcium products rarely cause an upset stomach. However, excessive intake or absorption of calcium may lead to increased levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia) which may cause nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, abdominal pain, dry mouth and thirst. Severe hypercalcemia may cause confusion, delirium, stupor and coma

calcium carbonate, Caltrate 600, Caltrate 600 Plus D, Caltrate 600 Plus

GENERIC NAME: calcium carbonate

BRAND NAME: Caltrate 600, Caltrate 600 Plus D, Caltrate 600 Plus

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the body. Calcium is an important structural component of bone and teeth and also is necessary for the normal function of all muscles (skeletal, heart, and smooth muscles) and nerves as well as the normal clotting of blood. Prolonged, inadequate intake of calcium causes weak bones (osteoporosis). Products containing calcium carbonate are used to increase the intake of calcium in individuals whose diets are low in calcium. The National Institutes of Health recommend 1000 to 1500 mg of calcium per day as part of a regimen to prevent the loss of bone that is associated with aging. Calcium carbonate products contain 40% calcium (absorbable calcium). Therefore, a 1500 mg tablet of calcium carbonate provides 600 mg of calcium.
PRESCRIPTION: no
GENERIC AVAILABLE: yes
PREPARATIONS: Caltrate 600 tablets (600 mg calcium); Caltrate 600 plus D tablets (600 mg calcium plus 200 IU vitamin D), Caltrate 600 plus tablets (600 mg calcium plus 200 IU vitamin D and other minerals); Caltrate 600 chewable tablets.
STORAGE:Tablets should be stored at room temperature, 2-25°C (36-77°F).
PRESCRIBED FOR: Calcium-containing products are used as part of a regimen for preventing and treating osteoporosis in individuals with low levels of calcium in their diets. Such regimens also may include vitamin D, estrogen replacement therapy, and specific medications for treating osteoporosis, for example, alendronate.
DOSING: The usual recommended dose of Caltrate for adults is one tablet twice a day with meals.
DRUG INTERACTIONS:Calcium products bind to quinolone (e.g., Ciprofloxacin) and tetracycline (e.g., Sumycin) antibiotics in the intestine and can prevent their absorption into the body. To prevent this interaction, doses of quinolone and tetracycline antibiotics should be separated by three or more hours from doses of calcium.
Calcium carbonate-containing products reduce acidity in the stomach, though there may be a rebound phenomenon which causes a greater than normal amount of acid to be produced after the initial acid-reducing effects of the calcium wear off. The reduction of acid decreases the absorption of iron from the intestine. Therefore, doses of calcium and iron should be separated by a several hours.
Calcium products also bind to Kayexalate (a drug used to treat high levels of potassium) in the intestine and, therefore, may interfere with the action of Kayexalate. Doses of Kayexalate and calcium products should be separated by several hours.
PREGNANCY:Use of calcium supplements during pregnancy appears to be safe, but such use should be done under the supervision of a healthcare provider.
NURSING MOTHERS:
Calcium supplements are safe when used by nursing mothers. SIDE EFFECTS: Calcium products rarely cause an upset stomach. However, excessive intake or absorption of calcium may lead to increased levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia) which may cause nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, abdominal pain, dry mouth and thirst. Severe hypercalcemia may cause confusion, delirium, stupor and coma

calcium acetate - oral, PhosLo

GENERIC NAME: CALCIUM ACETATE - ORAL (KAL-see-um AS-e-tate)

BRAND NAME(S): PhosLo

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: Calcium acetate is used to prevent high blood phosphate levels in patients who are on dialysis due to severe kidney disease. Dialysis removes some phosphate from your blood, but it is difficult to remove enough to keep your phosphate levels balanced. Decreasing blood phosphate levels can help keep your bones strong, prevent unsafe buildup of minerals in your body, and possibly decrease the risk of heart disease and strokes that can result from high phosphate levels. Calcium acetate is a natural mineral that works by holding onto phosphate from the diet so that it can pass out of your body.

calcitriol - injection, Calcijex

GENERIC NAME: CALCITRIOL - INJECTION (kal-SIT-ree-ole)

BRAND NAME(S): Calcijex

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: Calcitriol is a man-made active form of vitamin D (vitamin D3). Vitamin D is a vitamin stored in the body that is needed for building and keeping strong bones. Calcitriol is used to treat or prevent certain problems that can happen with long-term kidney dialysis, such as low levels of calcium or high levels of parathyroid hormone. Calcitriol is usually used along with a certain diet, supplements, and sometimes other medications.Most people get enough vitamin D from exposure to the sun and from fortified food products (e.g., dairy products, vitamins). Before regular vitamin D can be used by the body, it needs to be changed to the active form by the liver and kidneys. People with kidney disease cannot make enough of the active form of vitamin D. This medication works by affecting parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and increasing blood calcium levels.
HOW TO USE: Learn all preparation and usage instructions in the product package. If any of the information is unclear, consult your doctor or pharmacist.Before using, check this product visually for particles or discoloration. If either is present, do not use the liquid.This medication is given by injection into a vein, usually by a health care professional 3 times a week (every other day), or during dialysis, or as directed by your doctor. The dosage is based on your condition and response to therapy. Your doctor will do blood tests to find the best dose for you.It is very important to follow the diet recommended by your doctor to get the most benefit from this medication and to prevent serious side effects. Do not take other supplements/vitamins (e.g., calcium, vitamin D) unless directed by your doctor.Learn how to store and discard needles and medical supplies safely. Consult your pharmacist.
SIDE EFFECTS: Nausea, headache, constipation, or pain/discomfort at the injection site may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, notify your doctor promptly.Remember that your doctor has prescribed this medication because he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor immediately if any of these unlikely but serious side effects occur: back/bone/joint/muscle pain, dry mouth, metallic taste, vomiting, sleepiness, weakness.Tell your doctor immediately if any of these unlikely but very serious side effects occur: loss of appetite, dizziness, eye pain/redness/sensitivity to light, fever, fast/slow/irregular heartbeat, decreased interest in sex, mental/mood changes (e.g., confusion), stomach/abdominal pain, swelling of the ankles/feet/hands (edema), increased thirst, change in the amount of urine, weight loss.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any of the following symptoms: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345

calcitriol - oral, Rocaltrol

GENERIC NAME: CALCITRIOL - ORAL (kal-sih-TRY-ohl)

BRAND NAME(S): Rocaltrol

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: Calcitriol is a man-made active form of vitamin D. Most people get enough vitamin D from exposure to the sun and from fortified food products (e.g., dairy products, vitamins). Vitamin D helps control parathyroid hormone and the levels of certain minerals (e.g., calcium, phosphorus) that are needed for building and keeping strong bones.Before regular vitamin D can be used by the body, it needs to be changed to the active form by the liver and kidneys. Calcitriol is used in patients with kidney disease who can't make enough of the active form of Vitamin D. This medication is also used to prevent and treat certain types of calcium/phosphorus/parathyroid problems that can happen with long-term kidney dialysis or hypoparathyroidism. Calcitriol is usually used along with specific diet recommendations and sometimes other medications.OTHER This section contains uses of this drug that are not listed in the approved professional labeling for the drug but that may be prescribed by your health care professional. Use this drug for a condition that is listed in this section only if it has been so prescribed by your health care professional.This drug may also be used to treat and prevent certain bone diseases (rickets, osteomalacia) when regular vitamin D does not work.
HOW TO USE: Take this medication by mouth with or without food, usually once daily or as directed by your doctor. If you are using the liquid form, measure your dose with a special measuring spoon or device. Do not use a normal household spoon since you may not get the correct dose.Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to therapy. Your doctor may start you on a low dose and adjust the dose slowly to find the best dose for you. Follow your doctor's directions carefully. Use this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time each day.It is very important to follow the diet recommended by your doctor to get the most benefit from this medication and to prevent serious side effects. Do not take other supplements/vitamins (e.g., calcium, vitamin D) unless ordered by your doctor.Certain medications (bile acid sequestrants such as cholestyramine/colestipol, mineral oil, orlistat) can decrease the absorption of vitamin D. Therefore, separate your doses of these medications as far as possible from your doses of calcitriol (at least 2 hours apart, longer if possible). It may be easiest to take calcitriol at bedtime if you are also taking these other medications. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about finding a good dosing schedule that will work with all your medications.

calcitonin, Fortical, Miacalcin

GENERIC NAME: calcitonin-salmon

BRAND NAME: Miacalcin, Fortical (Calcimar brand no longer available)

DRUG CLASS: Calcitonin-salmon is a man-made version of the hormone, calcitonin, that is found in salmon. Calcitonin is used for treating postmenopausal (after menopause) osteoporosis (bone loss), Paget's disease of bone, and hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels). In humans, calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland. It acts primarily on bone, but the mechanism of its action is not well understood. Bone is in a constant state of remodeling, whereby old bone is removed by cells called osteoclasts, and new bone is laid down by cells called osteoblasts. Calcitonin inhibits bone removal by osteoclasts, and promotes bone formation by osteoblasts.
After menopause, the rate of bone loss accelerates. In women with osteoporosis, calcitonin has been shown to increase bone density and strength.
Paget's disease is a bone disease characterized by a disorderly and accelerated remodeling of the bone, leading to bones that are weak and painful. Calcitonin reduces the turnover of bone and pain in patients with Paget's disease. The FDA approved calcitonin intranasal spray in March 1991.
PRESCRIPTION: Yes
GENERIC AVAILABLE: No
PREPARATIONS: Injection: 200 units/ml. Intranasal spray: 200 units/activation (0.09 ml/puff)
STORAGE: Calcitonin should be stored in a refrigerator between 2-8 C (36-46 F). It should be protected from freezing. Bottles of intranasal spray that are being used may be stored at room temperature between 15-30 C (59-86 F) for 30 days.
PRESCRIBED FOR: Injectable calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis and Paget's disease. Injectable calcitonin also is used to treat seriously elevated blood calcium levels. The nasal spray is used only for osteoporosis in women who are at least 5 years postmenopausal.
DOSING: Injectable calcitonin is injected under the skin or into the muscle. The nasal spray is administered into the nostril. To achieve optimal results, patients with osteoporosis should simultaneously receive adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D.
The recommended regimens for Paget's disease and post menopausal osteoporosis are 100 units per day injected into muscle or under the skin or 1 spray (200 units) per day administered in alternate nostrils. Increased blood calcium (hypercalcemia) is treated with 4-8 units/kg of injectable calcitonin every 6-12 hours
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Calcitonin is not associated with significant drug interactions.
PREGNANCY: There are no adequate studies of calcitonin in pregnant women.
NURSING MOTHERS: There are no adequate studies of calcitonin in nursing mothers.
SIDE EFFECTS: Side effects from calcitonin are uncommon and usually are mild. Injectable calcitonin can cause nausea with or without vomiting in 10% of patients. Nausea can occur with initial treatment and tends to disappear with continued use. Injectable calcitonin also can cause local redness of the skin at the site of injection. Flushing and skin rash are also seen. The nasal spray can cause runny nose (rhinorrhea), nose-bleeding, bone pain and headaches. The nausea that can occur with injectable calcitonin is unlikely to occur with the nasal spray. In rare instances, the nasal spray can cause an upset stomach

verapamil, Calan, Verelan, Verelan PM, Isoptin, Covera-HS

GENERIC NAME: verapamil

BRAND NAMES: Calan, Verelan, Verelan PM, Isoptin, Isoptin SR, Covera-HS

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Verapamil belongs to a class of medications called calcium channel blockers. These medications block the movement of calcium into the muscle cells of the coronary arteries (the arteries supplying the heart) as well as the other arteries of the body. Since calcium is what triggers contraction of muscles, blocking entry of calcium relaxes the arterial muscles. This relaxation allows the arteries to become larger so that more blood can flow through them. Thus, verapamil is useful in treating and preventing chest pain (angina) resulting from spasm (contraction) of the coronary arteries that reduces the flow of blood to the heart. Relaxing the muscles lining the arteries in the rest of the body lowers blood pressure and thereby reduces the pressure against which the heart must pump blood. As a result, the heart works less and requires less oxygen-carrying blood. This allows the heart to work with the reduced flow of blood caused by coronary artery disease and prevents angina (which occurs whenever the flow of blood to the heart is inadequate). For more detailed information related to coronary artery disease, please read the Chest Pain, Cholesterol, and Heart Attack articles. Verapamil also decreases the conduction of electrical impulses through the heart that control the coordination of contraction. As a result, the rate of contraction slows. Verapamil was approved by the FDA in March, 1982.
PRESCRIPTION: Yes
GENERIC AVAILABLE: Yes
PREPARATIONS: Immediate release tablets: 40, 80, 120 mg; sustained release caplets: 120, 180, 240, 360 mg; extended release tablets: 100, 120, 180, 200, 240, 300 mg; Injection: 2.5 mg/mL
STORAGE: Store at room temperature 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) in tight, light- resistant container.
PRESCRIBED FOR: Chest pain (angina) occurs because insufficient oxygen-carrying blood is delivered to the muscles of the heart. Insufficient oxygen-carrying blood may be a result of blockage of blood flow in the coronary arteries due to coronary artery disease or spasm, or an increase in physical exertion that increases the workload of the heart and the demand by the heart for oxygen. Verapamil is used for the treatment and prevention of angina resulting from coronary artery disease and spasm as well as from exertion. Verapamil also is used in the treatment of high blood pressure. Verapamil slows electrical conduction of the electrical impulses through the heart and has been used to in treat abnormally fast heart rhythms such as atrial fibrillation, and in the prevention of recurrent episodes of rapid heart rhythm originating from the atria. For further information about abnormal heart rhythms, please read the Atrial Fibrillation and Palpitation articles.
DOSING: The usual oral dose is 180-480 mg/day. Verapamil may be given once, twice or three times daily depending on the formulation used. Verapamil can be taken with food.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Concurrent use of verapamil with a beta blocker (another class of medications that slow heart rate) can occasionally cause profound and dangerous heart slowing.
Verapamil can raise the levels of some drugs in blood including digoxin (Lanoxin), theophylline (Slo-Bid), and carbamazepine (Tegretol). Therefore, monitoring of the levels of these drugs is important to avoid toxicity

verapamil - oral, Calan, Isoptin

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calamine lotion - topical

GENERIC NAME: CALAMINE LOTION - TOPICAL (CAL-uh-mine)

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: This medication is used to relieve pain, itching, and discomfort from minor skin irritations such as poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. It also helps to dry the oozing and weeping caused by irritation due to these plants.
HOW TO USE: Use this medication on the skin only. Follow all directions on the product package, or use as directed by your doctor. Shake the bottle well before using. Apply the medication with a cotton pad, and allow the medication to dry on the skin. If you are uncertain about any of the information, consult your doctor or pharmacist.Avoid getting this medication in the eyes, mouth, nose, and genital/anal areas. If you do get the medication in those areas, flush with plenty of water.Tell your doctor if your condition worsens or does not improve within 7 days.
SIDE EFFECTS: If your doctor has directed you to use this medication, remember that he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor immediately if this unlikely side effect occurs: skin irritation.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
PRECAUTIONS: Before using calamine, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Tell your doctor if you are pregnant before using this medication.It is not known whether this drug passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding

caffeine - oral, No Doz, Stay Awake, Vivarin

GENERIC NAME: CAFFEINE - ORAL (KAF-een)

BRAND NAME(S): No Doz, Stay Awake, Vivarin

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: This medication is used occasionally to help you stay awake and alert when you are feeling tired and/or drowsy. Caffeine is a mild stimulant.This medication should not be used to replace sleep.This medication should not be used in children younger than 12 years old.
HOW TO USE: Take this product by mouth as directed. Follow all directions on the product package, or take as directed by your doctor. If you are uncertain about any of the information, consult your doctor or pharmacist.This medication should only be used as needed, not on a regular basis. Though very unlikely, this medication may be habit-forming. Do not increase your dose, take it more frequently than directed, or take it regularly for a long time.This medication may cause withdrawal reactions, especially if it has been used regularly for a long time or in high doses. In such cases, withdrawal symptoms (such as headaches, mental/mood changes such as irritation/nervousness) may occur if you suddenly stop using this medication. To prevent withdrawal reactions, your doctor may reduce your dose gradually. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more details, and report any withdrawal reactions immediately.When used for an extended period, this medication may not work as well. Talk with your doctor if this medication stops working well.Tell your doctor if your condition persists, worsens, or continues to occur again. If you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention.
SIDE EFFECTS: Nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, trouble sleeping, or increased urination may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.If your doctor has directed you to use this medication, remember that he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor immediately if any of these unlikely but serious side effects occur: dizziness, mental/mood changes (e.g., nervousness, agitation), shaking (tremor), fast/irregular heartbeat.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345

pramoxine - topical, Caladryl, Tronolane

GENERIC NAME: PRAMOXINE - TOPICAL (pram-OX-een)

BRAND NAME(S): Caladryl, Tronolane

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: Pramoxine is used to treat itching and pain caused by lip or skin irritations such as minor burns/cuts/scrapes, sunburn, insect bites, or rashes from poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac. Some products containing pramoxine are also used for relief of pain, soreness, burning, itching, or discomfort from hemorrhoids or other disorders in the anal area (e.g., inflammation, irritation, fissures).Pramoxine belongs to a class of drugs known as local anesthetics. It works on nerves in the skin to block or reduce the feeling of pain and itching.Use of pramoxine for lip or skin irritation is not recommended in children younger than 2 years unless directed by the doctor.Use of pramoxine for hemorrhoids or other anal disorders is not recommended in children younger than 12 years unless directed by the doctor.
HOW TO USE: This medication is for use on the skin only. Do not use this medication inside the rectum. For solutions, lotions, or foams, shake well before use. Before applying, clean the affected area with soap and water. Gently pat dry. For lip or skin irritations, apply to the affected area up to 3 to 4 times a day or as directed by your doctor. For hemorrhoids or other anal disorders, apply to the affected area up to 4 to 5 times a day or after each bowel movement. Spray the foam onto a clean tissue or pad and apply externally to the affected area .Learn all preparation and usage instructions in the product package. If any of the information is unclear, consult your doctor or pharmacist.Do not use on large areas of the body and do not use this more often than directed. Do not cover the area with waterproof bandages or plastic, or apply heat unless directed to do so by your doctor. Your condition will not clear faster, but side effects may be increased.Wash hands immediately after use, unless the area being treated includes the hands.Avoid getting the product in your eyes, nose, ears, or mouth. If the medication gets in these areas, rinse the area immediately with clean water.Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens after 7 days of treatment. If you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention.
SIDE EFFECTS: Burning or stinging may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.If your doctor has prescribed this medication, remember that he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345

ergotamine-caffeine-belladonna-pentobarb-oral, Cafatine PB, Micomp-PB, Urkaf-PB

GENERIC NAME: ERGOTAMINE/CAFFEINE/BELLADONNA/PENTOBARB - ORAL (er-GOT-uh-meen/kaff-EEN/bell-uh-DON-uh/PENT-oh-barb)

BRAND NAME(S): Cafatine PB, Micomp-PB, Urkaf-PB

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: This medication is used to treat migraine and other types of recurring, throbbing headaches accompanied with nausea and vomiting or associated with nervous tension.
HOW TO USE: Take this medication by mouth as directed at the earliest sign a headache is starting. It will take longer to be effective if you wait until the headache becomes severe. For best results, lie down in a quiet, dark room for an hour or two after taking this to help relieve the headache. Take this medication exactly as directed. If necessary, the dose may be repeated every 30 minutes until the headache pain stops or a total of 6 tablets for adults or 3 tablets for children have been ingested, whichever comes first. Adults should not take more than 10 tablets or children more than 3 tablets in a one week period. If you require more medication than this, consult your doctor. Long-term use or excessive dosing may lead to dependence. If stomach upset occurs, this may be taken with food or milk.
SIDE EFFECTS: Stomach upset, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, frequent urination and constipation have been reported. If any of these effects continue or become bothersome, inform your doctor. Notify your doctor if you experience: muscle pain, weakness in the legs, tingling in the fingers or toes, fast/irregular heartbeat, dry mouth, blurred vision, painful urination. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.
PRECAUTIONS: Tell your doctor if you have: liver disease, kidney disease, heart disease, chest pain, high blood pressure, blood vessel disease, poor circulation, glaucoma, prostate trouble, ulcers, a severe infection, allergies (especially to caffeine). Use caution performing tasks requiring alertness if this medication makes you drowsy. Avoid the use of alcohol while taking this medication. This medication should not be used during pregnancy. If you become pregnant or think you may be pregnant, inform your doctor immediately. This combination drug contains ingredients that are excreted into breast milk and may have undesirable effects on a nursing infant. Breast-feeding should not be undertaken while using this medication

amlodipine/atorvastatin - oral, Caduet

GENERIC NAME: AMLODIPINE/ATORVASTATIN - ORAL (am-LOE-di-peen/a-TOR-va-STAT-in)

BRAND NAME(S): Caduet

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: This product contains 2 medications: amlodipine and atorvastatin. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker and is used to treat high blood pressure or prevent chest pain (angina). It works by relaxing the blood vessels so that blood can flow more easily and the heart does not need to work so hard. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Preventing chest pain can help improve your ability to exercise.Atorvastatin is used along with a proper diet to help lower "bad" cholesterol and fats (such as LDL, triglycerides) and raise "good" cholesterol (HDL) in the blood. It belongs to a group of drugs known as "statins." It works by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver. Lowering "bad" cholesterol and triglycerides and raising "good" cholesterol decreases the risk of heart disease and helps prevent strokes and heart attacks. In addition to eating a proper diet (such as a low-cholesterol/low-fat diet), other lifestyle changes that may help this medication work better include exercising, losing weight if overweight, and stopping smoking. Consult your doctor for more details.
HOW TO USE: Read the Patient Information Leaflet if available from your pharmacist before you start taking this medication and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.Take this medication by mouth with or without food as directed by your doctor, usually once daily.Dosage is based on your medical condition, response to treatment, age, and other medications you may be taking. Be sure to tell your doctor and pharmacist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).Avoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice while using this medication unless your doctor instructs you otherwise. Grapefruit can increase the amount of this medication in your bloodstream. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more details.If you also take certain other drugs to lower your cholesterol (bile acid-binding resins such as cholestyramine or colestipol), take this product at least 1 hour before or at least 4 hours after taking these medications. These products can react with atorvastatin, preventing its full absorption.Take this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. Remember to take it at the same time each day. It may take up to 2 weeks before you get the full benefit of amlodipine, and up to 4 weeks before you get the full benefit of atorvastatin.It is important to continue taking this medication even if you feel well. Most people with high blood pressure or high cholesterol/triglycerides do not feel sick.If this product is used for chest pain, it must be taken regularly to be effective. It should not be used to treat chest pain when it occurs. Use other medications (such as nitroglycerin placed under the tongue) to relieve chest pain as directed by your doctor.Tell your doctor if your condition does not improve or if it worsens (such as your blood pressure readings remain high or increase, your chest pain occurs more often)

cabergoline - oral, Dostinex

GENERIC NAME: CABERGOLINE - ORAL (kah-BURG-oh-leen)

BRAND NAME(S): Dostinex

Medication Uses | How To Use | Side Effects | Precautions | Drug Interactions | Overdose | Notes | Missed Dose | Storage

USES: This medication is used to treat high levels of prolactin hormone in your body. High levels of prolactin in women can cause symptoms such as unwanted breast milk and missed periods and can cause difficulty becoming pregnant. High levels of prolactin in men can cause symptoms such as enlarged breasts and decreased sexual ability/desire. Cabergoline is an ergot medication and works by blocking the release of prolactin from the pituitary gland.
HOW TO USE: Take this medication by mouth with or without food, usually twice a week or as directed by your doctor.The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment (prolactin levels). Your doctor will start you at a low dose and slowly increase your dose over several months to help decrease side effects. Follow your doctor's instructions carefully.Take this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, mark the days on the calendar when you need to take the medication.Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens.
SIDE EFFECTS: Nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, constipation, dizziness, lightheadedness, or tiredness may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.Remember that your doctor has prescribed this medication because he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor immediately if any of these rare but serious side effects occur: shortness of breath, persistent cough, swelling ankles/feet, unusual tiredness, mental/mood changes (such as nervousness, compulsive behavior including urge to gamble), vision changes, painful menses, breast pain.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

bumetanide, Bumex

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bumetanide, Bumex

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GENERIC NAME: bumetanide

BRAND NAME: Bumex

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Bumetanide is a potent diuretic (water pill) that causes a profound increase in urine output (diuresis) by preventing the kidney from retaining fluid. (Specifically, it blocks the reabsorption of sodium and fluid from the kidney's tubules.) It is in a class of diuretics called "loop" diuretics which also includes furosemide (Lasix) and torsemide (Demadex). One mg of bumetanide is approximately equivalent to 10-20 mg of torsemide and 40 mg of furosemide. The potent diuretic effect of bumetanide can cause the loss of large amounts of body water leading to dehydration as well as the loss of electrolytes (e.g., sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium. Therefore, careful medical supervision is necessary during treatment. Bumetanide was approved for use by the FDA in 1983.
GENERIC AVAILABLE: yes
PRESCRIPTION: yes
PREPARATIONS: Tablets: 0.5mg, 1mg, 2mg.
STORAGE: Tablets should be stored at room temperature, between 15-30°C (59-86°F).
PRESCRIBED FOR: Bumetanide is used in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension (high blood pressure), and in the management of edema (excessive fluid accumulation) associated with congestive heart failure, renal disease and liver cirrhosis.
DOSING: Dosing of bumetanide and other loop diuretics vary greatly among patients, and doses are carefully adjusted by physicians. Bumetanide may be taken with or without food.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Bumetanide can cause low blood potassium, calcium, and magnesium levels. These changes can increase the risk of toxicity from digoxin (Lanoxin). Combining bumetanide with other diuretics such as metolazone (Zaroxolyn), hydrochlorothiazide, or chlorthalidone (Hygroton) can exaggerate the losses of potassium and magnesium.
The body's ability to eliminate lithium may decrease in patients receiving bumetanide. Therefore, careful monitoring of lithium levels in blood is recommended when bumetanide and lithium are taken together in order to prevent increases in lithium levels and lithium toxicity.
Indomethacin (Indocin) can reduce the diuretic and blood pressure-lowering effects of other loop diuretics (e.g. furosemide) and it probably can do the same with bumetanide. Other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, e.g., ibuprofen (Motrin), naproxen (Naprosyn) may interact similarly.
PREGNANCY: There have been no adequate studies on the effects of bumetanide on the fetus. Thus, the physician must carefully weigh the potential but unknown risks and benefits of bumetanide before prescribing it for pregnant women.
NURSING MOTHERS: It is not known if bumetanide is excreted into breast milk. Thus, it should be used in nursing women only if its potential benefits outweigh the unknown risks.
SIDE EFFECTS: Potent diuretics like bumetanide can cause low blood levels of potassium, magnesium, sodium and calcium. Additionally, fluid loses can occur leading to dehydration. The symptoms of dehydration may include dry mouth, thirst, weakness, drowsiness, reduced kidney function, heart arrhythmias, muscle aches and pains, and/or nausea and vomiting.
Toxicity to the inner ear in the form of tinnitus (ringing in the ear) and hearing loss have been associated with other loop diuretics. High plasma levels of bumetanide are toxic to the inner ear of animals. These effects on the inner ear are far more common with intravenous use of the drugs.
High uric acid concentrations in the blood leading to attacks of gouty arthritis may occur during diuretic therapy